Zitronensäure

Zitronensäure, also known as citric acid, is a weak organic acid with the chemical formula C6H8O7. It is a naturally occurring compound found in citrus fruits like lemons, limes, and oranges, where it contributes to their characteristic sour taste. Industrially, it is primarily produced through the fermentation of sugar by various microorganisms, most commonly Aspergillus niger.

Citric acid exists as a white crystalline solid and is highly soluble in water. Its acidic nature makes it useful as an acidulant, a flavoring agent, and a preservative in a wide range of products. In the food and beverage industry, it is extensively used to enhance flavor, add tartness, and control pH. It is also employed in confectionery, jams, jellies, and soft drinks.

Beyond its culinary applications, citric acid serves various purposes in other sectors. In pharmaceuticals, it acts as an effervescent agent in tablets and as an anticoagulant in blood storage. The cosmetic industry utilizes it for its exfoliating properties in skincare products and as a pH adjuster. Furthermore, citric acid is used in cleaning agents to remove soap scum and hard water stains due to its chelating properties, which bind to metal ions. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in food.