Yulan

Yulan, also known as *Osmanthus fragrans*, is a small, evergreen tree or shrub native to China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It belongs to the Oleaceae family, which also includes olive and jasmine plants. The tree is renowned for its fragrant, white or pale yellow flowers, which bloom in late autumn, typically from October to November, depending on the climate. These flowers are highly prized for their delicate, sweet scent, often described as a blend of honey, citrus, and floral notes, and are a key ingredient in traditional East Asian cuisine and perfumery.

Yulan has been cultivated for centuries in East Asia, particularly in China, where it holds cultural significance. The flowers are commonly used in teas, desserts, and alcoholic beverages, such as *osmanthus wine*, a traditional Chinese drink. In Chinese medicine, various parts of the plant, including the flowers, leaves, and bark, have been used for their potential health benefits, such as aiding digestion, reducing inflammation, and promoting relaxation. Studies have also explored the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of osmanthus extracts.

The tree thrives in well-drained soil and partial shade, making it adaptable to different environments, though it prefers temperate climates. It is often grown in gardens, parks, and as an ornamental plant due to its attractive foliage and fragrant blooms. In Japan, yulan is sometimes referred to as *kōchō* (香蕉), while in Korea, it is known as *gwisul* (귀술). The plant’s resilience and beauty have contributed to its enduring popularity across East Asia, where it remains a symbol of autumn and seasonal change.