Yläleukans

Yläleukans is a Finnish term referring to the upper jawbone, also known scientifically as the maxilla. This bone forms the central part of the face, housing the upper teeth. It is a paired bone that fuses during development to form a single structure in the midline. The maxilla is crucial for facial structure, providing support for the nose, orbits (eye sockets), and the palate, which separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity.

The maxilla is a complex bone with several important parts. It includes the body, which is pyramidal in shape and contains the maxillary sinus, a large air-filled cavity. Extending from the body are the alveolar processes that hold the upper teeth, the palatine processes that form the anterior part of the hard palate, the zygomatic processes that articulate with the cheekbones, the frontal processes that contribute to the sides of the nose and forehead, and the incisive bones that form the premaxilla.

Functionally, the maxilla plays a vital role in mastication (chewing) by supporting the upper dentition. Its structure also contributes to the ability to breathe through the nose and speak. Fractures of the maxilla can significantly impact facial appearance and function, requiring medical intervention. Conditions affecting the maxilla can range from dental issues and infections of the maxillary sinus to developmental anomalies and traumatic injuries.