Ylijännitesuojaus

Ylijännitesuojaus is a Finnish term referring to surge protection or overvoltage protection. It is a crucial aspect of electrical safety and system reliability, designed to safeguard electronic equipment and electrical installations from damage caused by sudden voltage spikes. These voltage spikes, often referred to as surges or transients, can be significantly higher than the normal operating voltage of a system.

There are two primary sources of overvoltages. External sources include lightning strikes, which can induce massive surges into electrical grids and connected equipment. Internal sources are often generated by the switching of high-power electrical equipment, such as motors, generators, or even household appliances like refrigerators. These internal events can cause smaller, but still damaging, transients.

Ylijännitesuojaus typically involves the use of surge protective devices (SPDs). These devices are installed in electrical systems to divert excess voltage away from sensitive equipment and safely to ground. Common types of SPDs include Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs), Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs), and Silicon Avalanche Diodes (SADs). The selection of an appropriate SPD depends on the voltage level, the expected surge current, and the type of equipment being protected.

Implementing effective ylijännitesuojaus is essential for preventing costly damage to electronics, ensuring the longevity of electrical infrastructure, and maintaining the safety of users. It is a recommended practice for both residential and industrial settings to mitigate the risks associated with transient overvoltages.