Ylijännitehäiriöitä

Ylijännitehäiriöt, known in English as overvoltage disturbances, are transient phenomena in electrical systems that cause the voltage to temporarily exceed the normal operating levels. These disturbances can originate from various sources, both internal and external to the electrical network. External causes include lightning strikes, which can induce surges of extremely high voltage and current. Internal causes are often related to switching operations within the power grid, such as the energization or de-energization of large loads, capacitor banks, or faulty circuit breakers. These switching events can generate electromagnetic transients that propagate through the system.

The effects of ylijännitehäiriöt can be significant. Sensitive electronic equipment, including computers, telecommunications devices, and industrial control systems, are particularly vulnerable to damage from overvoltage. Even brief voltage spikes can degrade components over time, leading to premature failure or malfunction. In more severe cases, direct strikes or prolonged overvoltage can cause immediate and irreparable damage to insulation, wiring, and active components in electrical apparatus, potentially leading to fires or widespread outages.

Mitigation strategies for ylijännitehäiriöt are crucial for ensuring the reliability and safety of electrical systems. These typically involve the use of surge protective devices (SPDs), also known as transient voltage suppressors. SPDs are designed to divert excess voltage away from sensitive equipment, clamping the voltage to a safe level. Proper grounding of electrical systems is also a fundamental protective measure. Additionally, network design considerations, such as installing surge arresters at key points in the distribution network and using shielded cables, can help to minimize the impact of these disturbances. Understanding the sources and effects of ylijännitehäiriöt is essential for effective protection and maintenance of electrical infrastructure.