Xkromosomivälitteinen

Xkromosomivälitteinen is a Finnish term that translates to "X-chromosome-linked" or "X-linked" in English. It refers to a mode of inheritance where a gene mutation is located on the X chromosome. Since males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) and females have two X chromosomes (XX), X-linked inheritance patterns differ between the sexes.

In X-linked recessive inheritance, a female must inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, to be affected. A male, however, only needs to inherit one copy of the mutated gene from his mother to be affected. This is why X-linked recessive conditions are more common in males. Affected males will pass the mutated gene to all of their daughters, making them carriers, but none of their sons will inherit the mutation from them.

In X-linked dominant inheritance, only one copy of the mutated gene is sufficient to cause the disorder in both males and females. However, due to certain biological factors, affected females often have milder symptoms or may not even be affected, while affected males typically experience more severe symptoms. Affected males will pass the mutation to all of their daughters, who will be affected, but none of their sons will inherit the mutation.

Examples of X-linked conditions include hemophilia, red-green color blindness, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Understanding Xkromosomivälitteinen inheritance is crucial for genetic counseling and predicting the likelihood of passing on certain genetic traits or disorders.