Vöðvaensím

Vöðvaensím, also known as muscle enzymes, are proteins released into the bloodstream when muscle tissue is damaged. Their presence in elevated levels in blood tests can indicate various muscle-related conditions. The most commonly measured vöðvaensím include creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and aldolase.

Creatine kinase is particularly abundant in muscle and brain tissue. When muscle fibers are injured, CK leaks into the circulation, and its concentration can rise significantly. Elevated CK levels are often seen in conditions like muscular dystrophy, rhabdomyolysis (rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle), and after strenuous exercise or muscle trauma.

Lactate dehydrogenase is found in many tissues, including muscles, heart, liver, and red blood cells. While muscle damage can increase LDH, its widespread distribution means that elevated levels might also point to issues in other organs.

Aspartate aminotransferase, an enzyme found in the heart, liver, and muscles, can also be elevated with muscle injury. However, it is a less specific marker for muscle damage compared to CK, as liver disease can also cause its levels to rise.

Aldolase is an enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism and is present in muscle. Increased aldolase activity in the blood can be indicative of muscle diseases, though it is less frequently used in routine diagnostics than CK or LDH.

Measuring these vöðvaensím is a valuable tool for physicians in diagnosing and monitoring muscle disorders, assessing the severity of muscle injury, and differentiating between various causes of muscle pain and weakness.