Vétójog

Vétójog is a term of French origin that translates to "veto power" in English. It refers to the right of a person or group to unilaterally block or reject a proposal, decision, or law, regardless of the support it may have from others. This power is typically vested in individuals or bodies that hold a significant position of authority.

The concept of vétójog is present in various contexts, most notably in international relations and in political systems. In the United Nations Security Council, for example, the five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) each possess a veto power. A negative vote from any of these nations on a substantive resolution can prevent its adoption, even if all other members vote in favor. This mechanism is designed to ensure that no action is taken without the consensus of the major world powers.

Within national governments, vétójog can manifest in different forms. The most common is the executive veto, where a head of state, such as a president or monarch, can reject legislation passed by the legislature. This power is often subject to checks and balances, such as the possibility of the legislature overriding the veto with a supermajority vote. In some systems, specific groups or individuals might also hold veto rights on certain matters, such as minority groups having a say in specific policy decisions to protect their interests. The exercise of vétójog is a significant power that can shape the course of political and international affairs.