Värderationalität

Värderationalität, a term originating from German sociology, refers to a type of instrumental action guided by a belief in the intrinsic value of a certain action, regardless of its outcome. This concept was introduced by Max Weber as one of his ideal types of social action, alongside zweckrationalität (instrumental rationality), affektuelles Handeln (affectual action), and traditional-action.

In värderationalität, the actor pursues a course of action because they believe it to be ethically, aesthetically, or religiously correct. The motivation stems from a deep-seated conviction or commitment to a particular value system. The success or failure of the action in achieving external goals is secondary to upholding the value itself. For example, a person who refuses to lie, even if lying would lead to a beneficial outcome, is acting according to värderationalität. Their adherence to the value of truthfulness is paramount.

This contrasts with zweckrationalität, where action is solely determined by the most efficient means to achieve a desired end. While both are forms of rational action, värderationalität prioritizes internal principles over external consequences. It acknowledges that some actions are worth pursuing for their own sake. The concept helps to understand motivations that might otherwise appear irrational from a purely utilitarian perspective.