Vähemusrahvus

Vähemusrahvus is an Estonian term that translates to "minority nation" or "ethnic minority." It refers to a group of people living within Estonia who share a distinct cultural, linguistic, or ethnic identity and constitute a smaller portion of the total population compared to the ethnic Estonians. These groups typically maintain their own traditions, languages, and historical heritage, which they seek to preserve and pass on to future generations.

Historically, Estonia has been home to various ethnic minorities, with the most significant being Russians, Belarusians, Ukrainians, and Tatars. The presence of these groups has shaped Estonia's social and cultural landscape, contributing to its diversity. While the concept of "vähemusrahvus" emphasizes distinctiveness, it also acknowledges the integration of these groups into Estonian society.

Estonian law and policy aim to protect the rights of minority nations, ensuring their freedom to express, preserve, and develop their cultural and linguistic identity. This includes support for their own educational institutions, cultural organizations, and media. The recognition and support of vähemusrahvus are considered important aspects of a democratic and inclusive society, fostering mutual understanding and respect between different ethnic communities within Estonia. The specific composition and demographic trends of minority nations can change over time due to various social and economic factors.