Voltammetriassa

Voltammetria is a class of electrochemical techniques where the potential applied to a working electrode is swept over a range while the resulting current is measured. This technique provides information about redox processes occurring at the electrode surface. The applied potential is typically a linear or staircase ramp, and the current response is recorded as a function of this potential. The resulting plot of current versus potential is called a voltammogram.

Different voltammetric methods exist, varying in the way the potential is controlled and the shape of the potential waveform. Common techniques include cyclic voltammetry (CV), where the potential is scanned in one direction and then reversed, and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), where the potential is scanned in only one direction. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) employ pulsed potential waveforms to enhance sensitivity and reduce background currents.

The shape and position of peaks in a voltammogram reveal valuable information about the analyte. The peak potential (Ep) is related to the redox potential of the species, while the peak current (Ip) is proportional to the analyte concentration. The reversibility of the redox process can be determined by analyzing the peak separation and shape. Voltammetry is a versatile analytical tool used in various fields, including analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, and materials science, for the detection and quantification of a wide range of substances. It can be used to study reaction mechanisms, determine diffusion coefficients, and characterize electrode surfaces.