Virtsatietulehdus

Virtsatietulehdus, also known as a urinary tract infection (UTI), is an infection that affects any part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract, specifically the bladder and urethra. Women are at greater risk for UTIs than men. A UTI typically occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder. The most common culprit is Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type of bacterium that normally lives in the intestinal tract.

Symptoms of a UTI can vary but often include a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation when urinating, passing frequent, small amounts of urine, urine that appears cloudy, red, pink or cola-colored, strong-smelling urine, and pelvic pain in women. If the infection spreads to the kidneys, symptoms may include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and pain in the back or side.

Diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms and a urine sample analysis, which can detect bacteria and white blood cells. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for UTIs. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Drinking plenty of fluids can help flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Prevention strategies include drinking adequate water, urinating after sexual intercourse, and avoiding irritating feminine products.