Viranhaltijoiden

Viranhaltijat (genitive viranhaltijoiden) are individuals who hold a public office or position and thereby exercise public authority or perform tasks entrusted by the state or other public bodies, such as municipalities. The term is used in Finnish administrative law to distinguish official actors from private individuals. A viranhaltija acts under public law and is bound by duties and responsibilities defined by law and regulation.

The category covers a broad spectrum: central government officials and ministers, municipal officials, judges, prosecutors, police, and other holders of public offices, including civil servants who have a service relationship with a public employer as well as elected representatives who perform public tasks. The exact status depends on the appointment type (appointed, elected, or otherwise).

Duties and powers come from the office; viranhaltijat must comply with applicable laws, maintain impartiality and neutrality in matters requiring public trust, and ensure legality of their acts. Decisions made by viranhaltijat can be reviewed by administrative courts or other oversight bodies; they may be subject to disciplinary measures or criminal liability if laws are violated.

In Finnish governance, the concept underpins accountability and transparency of public administration. The specifics vary by branch and statute, with separate rules for civil service, judiciary, and political offices. The term remains a technical label for persons authorized to exercise public power through the offices they hold.