Viloyatlar

Viloyatlar are the primary first-level administrative divisions of Uzbekistan, typically translated as regions or provinces. They serve as territorial units for governance, planning, and statistical purposes. Each viloyat is headed by a hokim (governor) appointed by the president, and it coordinates education, health, infrastructure, and economic development within its area. Viloyatlar are subdivided into districts (tumanlar) and cities, where local authorities implement national policy at the regional level.

Uzbekistan is divided into 12 viloyatlar. In addition to these regions, the country includes the autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan and the capital city, Tashkent, which have special status separate from the viloyats. The viloyatlar vary in geography and economy, with some regions focused on agriculture and others on industry or services, reflecting regional strengths.

The twelve viloyatlar are: Andijon viloyati, Buxoro viloyati, Farg'ona viloyati, Jizzax viloyati, Xorazm viloyati, Namangan viloyati, Navoiy viloyati, Qashqadaryo viloyati, Sirdaryo viloyati, Samarqand viloyati, Surxondaryo viloyati, and Toshkent viloyati. These regions form the basic framework for administrative governance and regional development within Uzbekistan's unitary state structure.