Vernadskii
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky, also transliterated Vernadskii (1863–1945), was a Russian and Soviet scientist who played a foundational role in geochemistry and biogeochemistry. He developed core concepts such as the biosphere, biogeochemical cycles, and the noosphere—the idea that human thought and activity form a distinct, influential sphere on the Earth. Vernadsky argued that living matter is a geological force that reshapes planetary chemistry and energy flows, a view that helped lay the groundwork for earth system science.
Born in Saint Petersburg, Vernadsky studied at Saint Petersburg University and pursued advanced work in mineralogy
In his writings, including works on the biosphere and noosphere, Vernadsky emphasized that life operates on
Vernadsky’s legacy endures in the field of earth science, where his concept of the interconnected, living Earth