Veriryhmägeeni

Veriryhmägeeni refers to the gene responsible for determining an individual's ABO blood group. In humans, this gene is located on chromosome 9. It codes for an enzyme that adds a specific sugar molecule to a precursor substance on the surface of red blood cells. Variations, or alleles, of this gene lead to the different blood types. The main alleles are A, B, and O. Allele A results in the addition of an A antigen, allele B results in a B antigen, and allele O results in no antigen being added.

The ABO blood group system is inherited in an autosomal codominant manner for A and B alleles, and recessive for the O allele. This means that if an individual inherits an A allele and a B allele, they will have blood type AB, expressing both antigens. If they inherit two O alleles, they will have blood type O, lacking both A and B antigens. Inheritance of one A allele and one O allele results in blood type A, while one B allele and one O allele results in blood type B.

The veriryhmägeeni plays a crucial role in blood transfusions. Individuals with certain blood types can only receive blood from donors with compatible blood types to avoid potentially life-threatening immune reactions. For example, individuals with blood type O are universal red blood cell donors because their red blood cells lack A and B antigens, making them less likely to trigger an immune response in recipients of other blood types. Conversely, individuals with blood type AB are universal plasma donors. Understanding the veriryhmägeeni and its inheritance patterns is therefore vital in medical practice.