Veriappelsiini

Veriappelsiini, literally “blood orange,” refers to several cultivars of the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) that produce flesh with a red or pink hue. The distinctive color arises from anthocyanin pigments, which develop more intensely when trees experience cooler nighttime temperatures. The rind is typically orange, often with a reddish blush.

Originating as a bud mutation of the sweet orange, veriappelsiini is believed to have arisen in Sicily, Italy, in the 18th century. From there it spread throughout Mediterranean climates and is now grown in parts of Southern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas, including Spain, Italy, Morocco, Turkey, California, and Florida.

The flesh color can range from pink to deep red. The most well-known cultivars include Tarocco, Moro, and Sanguinello. Tarocco is prized for balanced sweetness and color, Moro for a deep red flesh, and Sanguinello for a richly colored juice with a tangy-sweet profile. All are considered varieties of Citrus sinensis rather than a separate species.

Veriappelsiini are typically harvested in winter to early spring, reflecting their niche in the market as a winter fruit in many regions. They prefer warm days and cool nights, with well-drained soil and steady irrigation.

In culinary use, veriappelsiini are eaten fresh, segmented for salads, or juiced. The juice is valued for its vivid color and can be used in beverages and desserts. Nutritionally, they provide vitamin C and dietary fiber, while the anthocyanins contribute antioxidant activity.