Vents

Vents are openings or devices that allow the controlled movement of air, gas, or liquids between spaces or to the outside environment. In buildings, vents are parts of ventilation and drainage systems that exchange indoor air with the outdoors, remove moisture and odors, and sometimes supply conditioned air. They may be passive, relying on pressure differences, or active, using fans or other equipment.

Common building vents include exhaust vents (bathrooms, kitchens, clothes dryers), intake or supply vents, roof and gable vents, soffit vents, and vent stacks for plumbing. Ducted systems route air through ducts to reach rooms, while non-ducted, or passive, vents rely on architecture and gravity. Some vents have dampers or screens to regulate flow or keep out pests.

Natural vents occur in geology and oceanography. Geological vents such as fumaroles and volcanic vents release steam and gases from magma. Ocean vents, including hydrothermal vents, emit mineral-rich fluids and support specialized ecosystems.

Design and maintenance: Proper vent placement, size, and materials influence energy efficiency and indoor air quality. Common concerns include condensation, mold, and backdrafts. Regular inspection, cleaning, and ensuring unobstructed exhaust paths help maintain function; safety considerations include preventing gas accumulation and fires.