Velâyatname

Velâyatname, also known as the "Book of Divine Governance," is a notable Persian text attributed to the Safavid era, reflecting the political philosophy and divine legitimacy of the ruling dynasty. The term "Velâyat" translates to "guardianship" or "divine authority," and the text emphasizes the divine right of the ruler to govern based on religious and spiritual principles.

The Velâyatname delineates the relationship between divine authority and monarchy, often portraying the ruler as God's representative on Earth. It integrates Islamic theological concepts with political ideology, asserting that legitimate sovereignty derives from divine permission, and emphasizing the ruler's role in maintaining justice and order.

Historically, the Velâyatname served as a political legitimization tool for Safavid shahs, reinforcing their divine right to rule amidst internal and external challenges. It also aimed to unify the state under a shared religious and ideological framework, fostering loyalty and stability within the empire.

The content of the Velâyatname varies among different versions, but it typically includes discussions on the qualities of a just ruler, the importance of religious observance, and the connection between spiritual virtues and effective governance. It has influenced subsequent political thought in Persian and Islamic contexts.

Although the precise origins and authorship remain uncertain, the Velâyatname remains an important historical document reflecting the intersection of religion, politics, and legitimacy in Safavid Persia. Its influence extends to later political treatises and discussions on divine kingship within the broader Islamic world.