VanadiumIIIoksidi

VanadiumIIIoksidi, also known as vanadium sesquioxide, has the chemical formula V2O3. It is an inorganic compound that exists as a dark gray or black crystalline solid. VanadiumIIIoksidi is one of several oxides of vanadium, with vanadium in the +3 oxidation state. It is relatively insoluble in water but dissolves in strong acids.

The compound is paramagnetic at room temperature but exhibits a sharp transition to a diamagnetic state below approximately 160 Kelvin. This transition is accompanied by a change in electrical conductivity, making V2O3 a well-studied example of a Mott insulator. Its crystallographic structure is hexagonal.

VanadiumIIIoksidi can be synthesized by the reduction of higher vanadium oxides, such as vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), using hydrogen or carbon monoxide at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, it can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of vanadium(III) salts.

Historically, V2O3 has found some limited applications, for instance, as a catalyst in certain chemical reactions and as a component in pigments. Its unique electronic and magnetic properties continue to make it a subject of research in condensed matter physics.