Valokuvamittaus

Valokuvamittaus, also known as photogrammetry, is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring, and processing image data. It involves taking overlapping photographs of a subject from different viewpoints and then using specialized software to reconstruct a three-dimensional model or create measurements from these images.

The core principle of photogrammetry is stereoscopy, where the human brain uses two slightly different images (like those from our own eyes) to perceive depth. Photogrammetry software simulates this by identifying common points in multiple overlapping images. By knowing the camera's position and orientation when each photo was taken, the software can triangulate the spatial coordinates of these common points, effectively creating a 3D representation.

This technique has a wide range of applications. In surveying and mapping, it's used to create topographic maps, digital elevation models, and 3D city models. Construction and engineering utilize it for monitoring progress, inspecting structures, and creating as-built documentation. Archaeology and cultural heritage preservation employ photogrammetry to document historical sites and artifacts in intricate detail. Even in fields like medicine, it can be used for creating patient-specific anatomical models. The accuracy and detail achievable with modern photogrammetry continue to expand its utility across various disciplines.