Validacija

Validacija is a term used in several South Slavic languages meaning validation. It refers to the process of establishing that a product, process, service, or data meets specified requirements or standards. It is used across domains, including information technology, statistics, engineering, and quality assurance.

Data validation ensures data integrity by checking input data for type, range, format, consistency, and completeness. Techniques include validation rules, data schemas, constraints, automated checks, and error reporting. Validation helps prevent invalid or inconsistent data from propagating.

In software engineering, validation is the process of evaluating a system or component to determine whether it satisfies user needs and intended uses. It is often distinguished from verification, which checks that the product was built according to specifications. Methods include testing, simulation, user acceptance testing, and usability evaluation.

In research and statistics, model validation assesses how well a model generalizes to new data. Practices include cross-validation, holdout datasets, calibration, and comparison with external data. Validation helps guard against overfitting and ensures predictive reliability.

In industry and regulated environments, validation refers to formal activities to prove that processes, equipment, software, or facilities are fit for their intended purpose. Documentation, qualification, and traceability are key. Common contexts include validation of manufacturing processes (GMP), analytical methods (GLP), and software validation under regulatory frameworks.

Etymology and usage: The term derives from Latin validus and from Slavic linguistic traditions; it is used in many languages with similar spelling. The scope and exact definitions vary by domain, but the central idea remains verifying compliance with requirements.