Valgusdiood

Valgusdiood, commonly known as an LED, is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. It is a type of light-emitting diode. Unlike incandescent bulbs that produce light by heating a filament, LEDs generate light through electroluminescence. This process involves the recombination of electrons and holes in a semiconductor material, releasing energy in the form of photons, which we perceive as light.

The color of the light emitted by an LED is determined by the type of semiconductor material used and the energy gap between the electron bands. Different materials produce different wavelengths of light, resulting in a wide spectrum of colors, including red, green, blue, and white. White LEDs are typically created by combining red, green, and blue light or by using a blue LED with a phosphor coating that converts some of the blue light into other colors.

LEDs are highly energy-efficient, consume less power than traditional lighting sources, and have a long lifespan. They are also compact, durable, and can be switched on and off rapidly. These characteristics make them suitable for a vast array of applications, from indicator lights in electronics and backlighting in displays to general illumination in homes, offices, and streetlights. Their low power consumption also makes them ideal for battery-powered devices and solar-powered applications.