Valgform

Valgform is a term used in elections to denote the form or format in which votes are cast. It refers to the physical or digital interface through which voters express their choice, and is distinct from the electoral system that determines how votes are translated into seats. A valgform includes the ballot design, the type of ballot (paper ballot, electronic ballot, mail-in ballot), the marking method (single choice, multiple choices, or ranking in some systems), and the mechanisms that protect secrecy and ensure vote integrity.

Common elements of valgform include secrecy of the ballot, legibility, and accessibility. Paper ballots may present candidates or party lists with voters marking their choice by filling in a box, drawing a symbol, or crossing out. Some jurisdictions use ballots counted by machines, while others rely on manual counting. For postal or early voting, the form is designed for return by mail or alternative delivery. Some systems allow preferential voting, in which voters rank options; others require a single mark. Ballot design aims to minimize confusion and reduce the risk of miscounting or invalid votes.

Valgform is defined by electoral authorities for each election and can vary across jurisdictions and election types (national, regional, local, or referendums). It interacts with, but is not the same as, the counting rules or the representation method used to allocate seats.