Unterhaltungskosten
Unterhaltungskosten, often translated as operating costs or maintenance costs, refers to the expenses incurred in the regular running and upkeep of a property or asset. These costs are distinct from the initial purchase price or construction costs. For real estate, Unterhaltungskosten typically include regular maintenance such as gardening, cleaning of common areas, minor repairs to the building, and sometimes insurance. In the context of a rental property, these costs are often passed on to the tenant in the form of Nebenkosten or Betriebskosten, which are billed periodically based on usage or a proportional share of the total expenses.
For movable assets like vehicles, Unterhaltungskosten encompass fuel, regular servicing, insurance, taxes, and repairs. These are