Unitáris

Unitáris is a term that can refer to several related concepts, primarily within mathematics and linguistics. In mathematics, a unitáris transformation is a type of linear transformation on a complex vector space. This transformation preserves the inner product, which is a fundamental operation defining distances and angles in the space. Mathematically, a transformation U is unitáris if U*U = UU* = I, where U* is the conjugate transpose of U, and I is the identity matrix. Unitáris transformations are crucial in quantum mechanics and signal processing, where they represent operations that conserve probability or energy.

In linguistics, "unitáris" describes a grammatical structure or a word that functions as a single, indivisible unit, despite potentially being composed of multiple morphemes or words. This concept is often contrasted with structures that are considered "analyzable" or "separable." For instance, some languages might have compound words that are treated as a single lexical item with a meaning not directly deducible from its constituent parts, fitting the description of unitáris. The term emphasizes the semantic or syntactic unity of the element.