Underresponsivity

Underresponsivity, also known as sensory under-responsivity or hypo-responsivity, is a condition where an individual exhibits a reduced response to sensory input. This means they require more intense or prolonged stimulation to register and react to stimuli that others might notice easily. It can affect any of the senses, including touch, sight, sound, smell, taste, movement, and body awareness.

Individuals with underresponsivity to touch might not notice pain or temperature changes as readily, or they may not feel clothing or light touch. Those with underresponsivity to sound might not react when their name is called or to loud noises. Visually, they may appear to miss things in their environment or not track objects. In terms of movement, they may seem lethargic, have low muscle tone, and not seek out movement experiences. They might also have poor awareness of their body in space.

This reduced responsiveness can lead to a variety of challenges. For example, a child might not respond to a spilled drink, leading to discomfort, or might not notice a hazard. They may also appear withdrawn or disengaged from their surroundings because they are not receiving or processing enough sensory information. This can impact social interaction and participation in activities. Underresponsivity is often identified and addressed through occupational therapy, where strategies are developed to help individuals engage more effectively with their sensory environment.