Ulkokorren

Ulkokorren is the term used for the external part of the human ear, comprising the auricle (pinna) and the external auditory canal, extending from the visible ear to the tympanic membrane. It functions to collect sound waves and funnel them toward the middle ear, while also helping with sound localization.

The auricle is a cartilaginous structure covered by skin, with a visible lobule at the lower edge. Its folds and contours help capture sound from different directions and contribute to one’s sense of where a sound originates. The external auditory canal is about 2.5 centimeters long in adults and is lined with skin containing sebaceous and ceruminous glands. The canal ends at the tympanic membrane and often contains hair follicles and earwax (cerumen), which protect the deeper structures of the ear.

Functionally, the outer ear enhances certain frequencies and assists in sound localization, particularly in the vertical plane. Its shape and resonance contribute to the overall perception of sound, while the ceruminous glands and earwax provide a defensive barrier against debris and infection.

Development and variation: Ulkokorren develops before birth and varies in size and shape among individuals. Some congenital variations occur, such as prominent lobules or rare preauricular anomalies. Normal variation in canal width and auricular contour is common.

Clinical relevance: Conditions affecting the outer ear include infections such as otitis externa, trauma to the auricle or canal, and foreign bodies within the ear canal. Proper care of the outer ear is important to prevent complications and protect hearing.

See also: Ear anatomy, otitis externa, auditory system.