Tuumajõudusreaktorite

Tuumajõudusreaktorite, often translated as nuclear propulsion reactors, are a type of nuclear reactor specifically designed to generate power for the propulsion of vehicles, most notably ships and submarines. Unlike terrestrial nuclear power plants designed for stationary electricity generation, these reactors are engineered for compactness, safety, and reliability in mobile applications, often under demanding conditions. The core principle involves nuclear fission, where atoms of fissile material, typically enriched uranium, are split, releasing a significant amount of thermal energy. This heat is then used to generate steam, which drives turbines connected to propellers or other propulsion systems.

The primary advantage of nuclear propulsion is its incredible endurance. Nuclear fuel has a very high energy density, allowing vessels equipped with these reactors to operate for extended periods, often years, without refueling. This significantly reduces the logistical burden of supplying fuel to naval fleets and allows for much longer operational missions. Furthermore, nuclear-powered vessels are not dependent on atmospheric oxygen for combustion, enabling submarines to remain submerged for extended durations. The technology requires rigorous safety protocols and specialized training for personnel due to the inherent risks associated with nuclear materials and high-power reactors.