Turismi

Turismi refers to the activity of people traveling to and staying outside their usual environment for a period not exceeding one year, for purposes such as leisure, business, or other personal reasons. It includes domestic and international travel and the range of services that support it, such as transport, accommodation, attractions, and guidance. Tourism is a major economic activity for many regions, contributing to gross domestic product, employment, and foreign exchange, while also shaping cultural landscapes and urban development.

Tourism is highly diverse. Common segments include leisure tourism, cultural tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, medical tourism, and business or convention travel. Travelers may visit to experience nature, history, art, sport, or religious sites, or to attend conferences and events. The activity often relies on infrastructure such as airports, hotels, and transport networks, and can influence employment in hospitality, transport, and retail.

Historically, tourism has evolved with changes in transport, technology, and income. From ancient pilgrimages to the Grand Tour, and later mass tourism enabled by rail and air travel, the sector grew rapidly in the 20th century. The rise of the internet, online booking platforms, and mobile services has increased access and demand, while new concerns about sustainability, climate impact, and overtourism have informed policy and planning.

Sustainable tourism aims to minimize negative effects on ecosystems and communities while maximizing long-term benefits. Destination management, responsible marketing, community involvement, and data-driven planning are common approaches. Measures often address environmental protection, cultural preservation, safety, and equitable distribution of benefits.