TungaBhadra

Tungabhadra is a river in southern India formed by the confluence of the Tunga and Bhadra rivers near Kudli (Koodli) close to Hospet in Karnataka. From its formation point, the river generally flows eastward across the state and into the neighboring regions, ultimately becoming part of the Krishna River system.

After its formation, Tungabhadra traverses several districts in Karnataka, including Ballari, Koppal, and Raichur, before crossing into Andhra Pradesh. In its lower course, it joins the Krishna River, making it a major tributary within the Krishna basin. The river’s flow is regulated by dams and irrigation projects along its course, with the Tungabhadra Dam near Hosapete (Hospet) forming a large reservoir used for irrigation, drinking water supply, and hydroelectric power generation.

Culturally and historically, the Tungabhadra valley is closely associated with the Vijayanagara Empire, whose capital city, Hampi, lies on the river’s banks. The river and its environs have been influential in the religious, architectural, and agricultural development of the region. The basin supports agriculture, fisheries, and local ecosystems, and remains a focus for water resource management in both Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

The Tungabhadra is part of the broader Krishna River system and plays a significant role in regional irrigation and hydroelectric infrastructure. Its banks are notable for archaeological and cultural sites, particularly those associated with the Vijayanagara period, making the river a notable feature of southern India’s geography and history.