Tumoronachip

Tumoronachip refers to microfluidic platforms designed to model tumor biology in vitro. These systems integrate cancer cells with components of the tumor microenvironment to reproduce key features of solid tumors, including three-dimensional architecture, vasculature, extracellular matrix, and biochemical gradients. Tumoronachips typically employ microfabricated channels, often using polymers such as PDMS, to perfuse media and create interstitial flow while embedding cells in 3D matrices like collagen or Matrigel.

In a tumoronachip, cancer cells can be cultured alongside stromal cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells to form microvasculature, and sometimes immune cells. This arrangement aims to mimic tumor heterogeneity, oxygen tension, ECM stiffness, and nutrient gradients that influence tumor growth, invasion, and drug response. Some systems incorporate sensors or imaging modalities to monitor parameters such as perfusion, metabolite levels, and cellular responses in real time.

Applications of tumoronachips include preclinical drug screening for chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies; study of metastasis and invasion processes; investigation of drug resistance mechanisms; and the use of patient-derived tumor cells to inform personalized treatment decisions. They are also used to evaluate toxicity and pharmacokinetics in a controlled tumor-relevant context.

Advantages of tumoronachips include improved physiological relevance over traditional 2D cultures, dynamic perfusion and real-time readouts, and potential reductions in animal testing. Limitations involve technical complexity, challenges in standardization and scaling, limited throughput, and incomplete replication of full systemic physiology. Related concepts include tumor organoids and other organ-on-a-chip platforms.