Trombosyyttimäärä

Trombosyyttimäärä, known in English as platelet count, refers to the number of platelets in a given volume of blood. Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are tiny, irregular-shaped cell fragments produced in the bone marrow. They play a crucial role in hemostasis, the process of stopping bleeding, by forming a plug at the site of injury to blood vessels.

A normal platelet count typically ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. This count can fluctuate slightly based on individual factors and laboratory methods. A platelet count is usually determined as part of a complete blood count (CBC) test, which is a common laboratory examination.

An abnormally low platelet count is called thrombocytopenia. This condition can increase the risk of bleeding, leading to symptoms such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, nosebleeds, and bleeding gums. Thrombocytopenia can be caused by various factors, including certain medications, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and bone marrow disorders.

Conversely, an abnormally high platelet count is known as thrombocytosis. While often asymptomatic, high platelet counts can increase the risk of blood clots forming in the arteries or veins, potentially leading to stroke, heart attack, or deep vein thrombosis. Thrombocytosis can be a reactive response to infection, inflammation, or iron deficiency, or it can be a primary condition related to bone marrow disorders.

Monitoring platelet count is important for diagnosing and managing a range of medical conditions. Treatment for abnormal platelet counts depends on the underlying cause and severity.