Transzudát

Transzudát is a type of fluid that accumulates in body tissues or cavities. It is a protein-poor filtrate of blood plasma that leaks through the capillary walls. This leakage is typically caused by an imbalance in the forces that regulate fluid movement across the capillary membrane, such as increased hydrostatic pressure or decreased oncotic pressure.

Common causes of transudate formation include heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and kidney disease. In heart failure, the increased pressure in the veins backs up blood into the capillaries, forcing fluid out. Liver cirrhosis leads to a decrease in albumin production, which lowers oncotic pressure and allows fluid to leak into the abdominal cavity (ascites). Kidney disease can cause protein loss in the urine, also reducing oncotic pressure.

Transudate is usually clear or straw-colored and has a low specific gravity. It typically does not contain inflammatory cells or bacteria. The diagnosis of transudate is often made by analyzing the fluid collected from the affected area, for example, through paracentesis for ascites or thoracentesis for pleural effusions. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the fluid accumulation.