Transrektaler

Transrektaler is an adjective used in medicine to describe procedures or techniques that access or occur through the rectum. The term is most commonly encountered in relation to transrectal imaging and biopsy, where a probe or instrument is introduced into the rectum to examine nearby organs and tissues, especially the prostate.

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is a diagnostic imaging modality in which an ultrasound probe is inserted into the rectum to generate real-time images of the prostate, surrounding tissues, and, less commonly, rectal walls. TRUS is routinely used to estimate prostate volume, detect abnormalities, and guide biopsies when cancer is suspected. It also aids in evaluating other pelvic pathologies and can be part of cancer staging in select cases.

During a TRUS examination, the patient is usually positioned on the left side, with the rectum lubricated. A probe with a protective sleeve is inserted gently; a water-based gel improves contact. Local anesthesia may be used for procedures such as a transrectal biopsy. Antibiotic prophylaxis is sometimes given to reduce infection risk.

Risks are generally low but can include temporary discomfort, a feeling of fullness, minor rectal bleeding, or infection in rare cases. The accuracy of transrectal imaging can be influenced by patient anatomy and bowel gas, and image quality may vary between observers. Transrectal techniques may therefore be complemented by other imaging modalities when appropriate.

Alternatives or complementary approaches include transperineal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detailed pelvic imaging, and endorectal ultrasound for certain rectal cancers. In broader contexts, transrectal techniques may be used for guided biopsies or other pelvic interventions as clinically indicated.