Transaksjonsbehandlingen

Transaksjonsbehandlingen, also known as transaction processing, refers to the system by which a computer or network of computers handles a series of operations, or transactions, as a single logical unit. The primary goal of transaction processing is to ensure data integrity and consistency, even in the face of system failures or concurrent access by multiple users.

A transaction is a sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work. For example, in a banking system, transferring money from one account to another involves debiting one account and crediting another. These two operations must be treated as a single transaction. If either operation fails, the entire transaction should be rolled back, leaving the system in its original state.

Key properties of transactions are often summarized by the acronym ACID: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as an indivisible unit; it either completes entirely or has no effect. Consistency guarantees that a transaction brings the database from one valid state to another. Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. Durability means that once a transaction is committed, it will remain so, even in the event of a system failure.

Transaction processing systems are fundamental to many applications, including online banking, e-commerce, inventory management, and airline reservation systems. Efficient and reliable transaction processing is crucial for maintaining the accuracy and trustworthiness of data in these critical systems. Various techniques, such as locking mechanisms and logging, are employed to implement these ACID properties.