Trakeostomialaitteet

Trakeostomialaitteet, commonly known as tracheostomy tubes or shunts, are medical devices inserted into a tracheostomy, a surgical opening in the neck that leads directly to the trachea (windpipe). The primary purpose of these devices is to maintain an open airway. They are used for a variety of reasons, including bypassing an upper airway obstruction, providing long-term mechanical ventilation, facilitating airway clearance by allowing easier suctioning of secretions, and enabling speech for individuals who cannot vocalize otherwise.

Tracheostomy tubes come in various types and sizes, made from materials such as plastic or silicone. They can be cuffed or uncuffed. A cuffed tube has a balloon at the end that can be inflated to create a seal within the trachea, which is crucial for patients requiring mechanical ventilation to prevent air leakage and aspiration. Uncuffed tubes are typically used when a seal is not necessary or for patients who are able to manage their secretions and airway independently. Some tubes also feature inner cannulas that can be removed and cleaned, aiding in maintaining patency. The selection of a specific tracheostomy device depends on the patient's individual needs, medical condition, and the duration of airway support required. Regular maintenance, including cleaning and replacement of the tube, is essential for preventing complications.