Toonvalimine

Toonvalimine is a term originating from Estonian and translates directly to "election of the president." It refers to the process by which the President of Estonia is chosen. The Estonian presidential election is a multi-stage process designed to ensure broad support for the head of state.

The primary method for electing the president involves a vote in the Riigikogu, Estonia's parliament. If a candidate receives at least two-thirds of the votes from the members of the Riigikogu, they are elected. This typically requires a significant level of consensus among political parties.

Should no candidate secure the necessary two-thirds majority in the Riigikogu after three rounds of voting, the election is passed to the Electoral College. The Electoral College is composed of members of the Riigikogu and representatives elected by local government councils. This body provides a broader base for election and is intended to break any parliamentary deadlock.

The Electoral College also conducts its own rounds of voting. If a candidate obtains an absolute majority of the votes within the Electoral College, they are elected president. The process is designed to be deliberate and aims to avoid a situation where the presidential office remains vacant. The president's role in Estonia is largely ceremonial and representative, though they do hold some constitutional powers.