Tolfenamic

Tolfenamic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) belonging to the fenamate class. It is primarily used for the symptomatic relief of pain and inflammation in conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute musculoskeletal disorders. Tolfenamic acid works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, key mediators of pain and inflammation.

The typical dosage and administration of tolfenamic acid vary depending on the specific condition and patient. It is usually taken orally. Like other NSAIDs, tolfenamic acid can cause side effects, which may include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. More serious side effects, although less common, can include peptic ulcers, bleeding, and renal impairment. Cardiovascular risks are also associated with NSAID use.

Tolfenamic acid is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to the drug, a history of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, active peptic ulceration, severe renal or hepatic impairment, and in the third trimester of pregnancy. It should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or asthma. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys. Its efficacy and safety profile are comparable to other NSAIDs.