Tiitrimisel

Tiitrimisel (Estonian for "titration") is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by gradually adding a volume of a standard solution with a known concentration until a specific chemical reaction is completed. This process allows for precise quantification of substances such as acids, bases, and other reactive compounds.

The procedure typically involves the use of a burette, a volumetric instrument that allows accurate measurement of the titrant. The target solution, called the analyte, is placed in a flask, often with an indicator that changes color when the reaction reaches its endpoint. As the titrant is added, the reaction proceeds until the indicator signals completion, at which point the volume of titrant used is recorded. From this volume, the concentration of the analyte can be calculated using stoichiometric relationships.

Tiitrimisel is widely employed in chemical analysis, quality control, and educational laboratories. It is particularly useful for determining the purity of a substance, analyzing food and beverage composition, or assessing water quality. Common reagents used in titrations include hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and sulfuric acid, depending on the specific reaction being studied.

The accuracy of titration relies on proper technique, precise measurement, and suitable choice of indicators. Variations such as back titration or potentiometric titration can enhance reliability in complex or weakly reactive systems. Overall, tiitrimisel remains a fundamental analytical method for quantitative chemical analysis across various scientific and industrial fields.