Tidevandsindflydelse

Tidevandsindflydelse, often translated as tidal influence or tidal effect, refers to the impact of celestial bodies, primarily the Moon and the Sun, on Earth's oceans. This gravitational pull causes the rise and fall of sea levels, known as tides. The Moon is the dominant factor due to its proximity to Earth, though the Sun also exerts a significant influence.

The gravitational pull of the Moon creates a bulge of water on the side of Earth facing the Moon, and a corresponding bulge on the opposite side due to inertial forces. As Earth rotates, different locations pass through these bulges, experiencing high tide. Areas between the bulges experience low tide.

The Sun's gravity also contributes to tidal forces, although to a lesser extent than the Moon. When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned, their gravitational forces combine, resulting in exceptionally high tides known as spring tides. Conversely, when the Moon and Sun are at right angles relative to Earth, their gravitational pulls partially counteract each other, leading to lower high tides and higher low tides, called neap tides.

The magnitude and timing of tides are also influenced by local factors such as the shape of coastlines, ocean floor topography, and the Earth's rotation. These influences have shaped coastal ecosystems and are utilized by humans for navigation, power generation, and understanding marine environments.