TiOx

TiOx refers to a family of titanium oxide materials. The most common and well-known form is titanium dioxide, TiO2, which exists in several crystalline polymorphs including rutile, anatase, and brookite. Titanium dioxide is a white, opaque solid with a high refractive index, making it a widely used pigment in paints, plastics, paper, and cosmetics. It is also a semiconductor with photocatalytic properties, meaning it can catalyze chemical reactions when exposed to light. This property has led to its use in applications such as self-cleaning surfaces, air and water purification systems, and solar cells.

Other titanium oxides exist, though they are less common. For instance, titanium monoxide (TiO) is a gray crystalline solid that is unstable in air. Titanium sesquioxide (Ti2O3) is a dark purple solid. These less common oxides may have specialized applications but are not as widely studied or utilized as titanium dioxide. The properties of titanium oxides can vary significantly depending on their stoichiometry, crystal structure, and particle size. Research continues into new applications for these versatile materials, particularly in areas like energy storage and advanced electronics.