Thérapies

Thérapies refer to interventions designed to treat, manage, or relieve symptoms of health conditions. They can aim to cure disease, slow progression, alleviate suffering, restore function, or improve quality of life. They cover a broad spectrum that targets biological processes, psychological states, or behavior, and may be delivered in medical, psychological, physical, or lifestyle contexts.

Medical therapies include pharmacological treatments (drugs), surgical procedures, radiation therapy, and other medical devices. Treatments are usually guided by clinical guidelines and tailored to the patient’s condition, risks, and preferences.

Psychological therapies, also called talk therapies, aim to modify thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Examples include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, interpersonal therapy, and motivational interviewing. They are typically delivered by trained professionals and supported by evidence for a range of disorders and outcomes.

Physical and rehabilitative therapies include physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech-language therapy, and hydrotherapy, among others. They seek to restore movement, function, communication, and daily living skills.

Complementary and alternative therapies include acupuncture, herbal medicine, mindfulness practices, and some forms of bodywork. Used in conjunction with or outside conventional medicine, their evidence base varies by modality, and safety, regulation, and interactions with other treatments must be considered.

Efficacy is assessed through research, including randomized trials and meta-analyses. Decisions about therapies rely on evidence, clinical judgment, and patient values, with emphasis on informed consent and shared decision-making. Related topics include evidence-based practice and patient-centered care.