Terveysturva

Terveysturva is a term used to describe the set of policies, programs, and institutions that protect and promote the health of individuals while providing protection against health-related financial risks. It encompasses health protection, health care services, public health, and social security elements that reduce the impact of illness on individuals and families.

The scope of terveysturva includes access to medical care (primary, specialist, hospital services), preventive health measures (vaccination, screening, health education), and measures that protect people from financial hardship due to illness or injury. It also covers workplace health and safety, occupational health services, and actions aimed at reducing health inequalities within a population. A comprehensive terveysturva aims for timely care, high quality and safety in services, equitable access, and financial protection.

In Finland and other Nordic welfare states, terveysturva is implemented through a combination of universal health coverage, social security schemes, and regulated private providers. Public funding, municipal responsibility for healthcare delivery, and social insurance mechanisms work together to ensure access to care, reduce out-of-pocket costs, and support people during illness or disability. The system is subject to policy reforms and evaluations to respond to demographic changes, cost pressures, and evolving public health challenges.

Policy instruments commonly associated with terveysturva include legislation governing health services, health insurance and social security benefits, public health programs, occupational safety regulations, and digital health initiatives. Debates often focus on efficiency, waiting times, equity of access, and the balance between public and private provision.

See also: public health, health insurance, social security, occupational safety, health policy.