TemporomandibulargelenkStörungen

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction, often referred to as TMJ disorder, is a term that encompasses a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and its associated muscles. This joint, located on each side of the head, connects the jawbone to the skull and is responsible for many of the jaw's movements, including chewing, speaking, and yawning. When this joint and the surrounding muscles do not function properly, it can lead to a variety of symptoms.

The exact causes of TMJ disorders are not always clear, but they can be related to problems with the joint itself, such as a dislocated or damaged disc, or issues with the muscles that control jaw movement. Trauma to the jaw, arthritis, and teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism) are also considered contributing factors. Stress and anxiety can also play a significant role in exacerbating symptoms.

Common symptoms of TMJ disorder include pain in the jaw joint and surrounding areas, including the face, neck, and shoulders. Sufferers may also experience difficulty or pain when chewing, clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing the mouth, and a feeling of stiffness in the jaw. Headaches, earaches, and dizziness can also be associated with the condition. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and sometimes imaging tests like X-rays or MRL. Treatment approaches vary depending on the severity and cause, and may include self-care strategies, medications, physical therapy, or dental splints. In some cases, surgery may be considered.