Temperaturat

Temperaturat, in Albanian, refers to the temperatures—the measurable hotness or coldness of a material, object or environment. In physics and engineering, temperature is a fundamental state variable that relates to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance and governs the direction of heat transfer. It is defined operationally with a thermometer and expressed on scales such as Celsius, Kelvin or Fahrenheit. Temperature is distinct from heat energy, though the two are closely related: heat is energy transfer due to temperature difference, while temperature characterizes the current thermal state.

Common scales and points: Celsius (°C) is widely used in most of the world; Kelvin (K) is the absolute scale used in science; Fahrenheit (°F) is used primarily in the United States. 0°C equals 273.15 K, and 0°F is −17.78°C. The freezing point of water is 0°C (273.15 K) and its boiling point at one atmosphere is 100°C (373.15 K). Everyday measurements include room temperature around 20–25°C; human body core temperature about 37°C. Temperature measurement devices range from liquid-in-glass thermometers to digital sensors, RTDs and thermocouples, with methods for ambient air, surface, or internal temperatures. In weather forecasting, climate studies, medicine and industry, temperaturat readings guide decisions on comfort, safety, manufacturing, and energy use.