Telis

Telis, also known as Teli, are an Indian caste traditionally associated with the pressing of edible oils. The name derives from tel, the word for oil in several Indian languages, reflecting their historic occupation.

Historically, Telis operated oil presses and traded oils extracted from sesame, mustard, linseed, and other seeds. They formed part of the artisan and small-scale trading classes that supported rural and urban economies. With industrialization and modernization, many Telis diversified into other livelihoods, including farming, small business, transport, and service-sector work, while some remain involved in oil-related trades.

Geographically, Telis are found across India, with notable populations in states such as Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Regional variations exist, and subgroups or gotras may be present in different locales, contributing to diverse local practices and identities.

Social status and classification of Telis varies by state. In contemporary India, many Telis are listed as Other Backward Classes (OBC) in several states, reflecting historical social and educational disadvantages. The official status and lists can differ over time and by region, influencing access to affirmative-action programs and public opportunities.

Culture and language among Telis align with regional contexts. They commonly speak the local languages of their areas, such as Marathi, Hindi, Bhojpuri, or Gujarati, and observe Hindu customs and festivals. Some subgroups maintain clan-based lineages and traditional practices linked to their historical occupation.