Tartrazyn

Tartrazin is a synthetic yellow azo dye, also known as Yellow 5 or CI 19140. It is widely used as a food coloring agent, coloring products such as beverages, candies, desserts, and processed foods. It is also found in some pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Tartrazin is produced from coal tar and is one of the most commonly used food colorings globally.

The use of tartrazin has been associated with hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals, particularly children. Symptoms can include hives, asthma, and digestive upset. While these reactions are rare and the dye is generally considered safe by regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) when consumed within acceptable limits, some countries have restricted its use or require specific labeling. In the European Union, foods containing tartrazin must carry the warning: "May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children."

Alternative natural yellow colorants, such as curcumin, annatto, and carotene, are often used in products where tartrazin is excluded due to consumer demand or regulatory requirements. The scientific consensus is that tartrazin is safe for the vast majority of the population. However, individuals who suspect they may have a sensitivity are advised to consult a healthcare professional and carefully check product ingredient lists.