TG2
TG2 commonly refers to two distinct topics in biology and broadcasting. In biology, TG2 denotes transglutaminase type 2, an enzyme in the transglutaminase family. It is encoded by the TGM2 gene and catalyzes calcium-dependent transamidation, forming epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine crosslinks between proteins. This activity contributes to crosslinking of extracellular matrix components and to processes such as cell adhesion, tissue stabilization, and ECM remodeling. TG2 also participates in signalling and can influence apoptosis and vesicle trafficking through non-enzymatic roles. The enzyme is widely expressed in many tissues and can localize to the cytosol, nucleus, cell surface, and extracellular space. TG2 is regulated by calcium and guanine nucleotides: high Ca2+ activates transamidase activity, while GTP binding can suppress it and affect localization. In medical research, TG2 is studied as a potential therapeutic target in fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. It is also a known autoantigen in celiac disease, where anti-TG2 antibodies are a characteristic finding.
In broadcasting, TG2 stands for Telegiornale 2, the second edition of the daily news program on Italy’s