Südamehaigustesse

Südamehaigustesse, also known as heart disease, refers to several conditions that affect the heart. These conditions can range from mild to life-threatening and are often characterized by the buildup of plaque in the heart's arteries, known as atherosclerosis. The most common types of heart disease include coronary artery disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias.

Coronary artery disease occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of plaque. This can lead to chest pain, known as angina, and increase the risk of heart attack. Heart failure, on the other hand, happens when the heart muscle is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Arrhythmias are irregular heartbeats that can be caused by various factors, including heart disease, and may require treatment to restore a normal rhythm.

Risk factors for heart disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a family history of heart disease. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and not smoking can help prevent or manage heart disease. Early detection and treatment, often through medications, procedures like angioplasty or stenting, and in some cases, surgery, are crucial for managing heart disease effectively. Regular check-ups and monitoring can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.